Gang membership, Drug Selling, and Violence in...

Smiley is a man who was released back into the society on a parole. He was sent back to live in his neighborhood. Shinichi Suzuki, a famous Japanese violinist who invented Suzuki Method, got the right idea of Smiley’s situation when he said â€Å"Man is a child of his environment†. It means that Smiley is a product of his environment. His neighborhood is a no picnic. The neighborhood is a basically a graveyard of American dreams. Like everyone else in America, Smiley values individualism, achievement, money, and family unity highly. However he is in a hostile society where his rough background is rejected and regarded as a stigma. He does not have education or an escape from his neighborhood where people are under a great strain. The reason†¦show more content†¦Regina had problems after being set free like Smiley. Regina is a mother who was struggling with her addiction to meth and drinking. She was sent to the prison for stealing money. There are several possible criminal theories that may explain her criminal history. She started doing petty crimes and did some drugs at first but then she experienced no serious consequences of her actions. She felt so alive with drugs and stolen money made her rich. In other words, she continued to break laws because she experienced no deterrence for her actions. A theory called rational choice (Shelden, Brown, Miller Fritzler, 2008) became popular in 1970’s and 1980’s which said that people may sometimes make wrong choices because of illogical reasons (p. 71). People may not have insufficient information, resources, or bad moral values that make them think not rationally. Regina got her moral values from her friends who felt it is okay to do drugs to deal with the life. However this theory follows hedonistic calculus (p. 71) which means that Regina freely chose to do drugs because she wanted pleasure and avoid pain. She was not thinking long term consequences of her addiction and she only focused on getting high. Stickel’s research ( 2007) on Rational choice theory in probation showed that probation officers and officers need strong incentive rewards to feel a need to help people like Reginia to draw her awayShow MoreRelatedStructural Theories and Street Gangs1568 Words   |  7 PagesMotivation and Membership The strain theory explores how anomie may result in criminal activity. In fact, the strain theory states that because an individual fails to achieve valued goals and standards, these blocked opportunities can lead to criminal or deviant activity in order to reach a goal (Adler, Mueller,Laufer amp; Grekul, 2009, p.130). We can relate this theory to the young boys presented in the movie City of God. For example, Lil’Z knows that he does not have the ability to live a lifeRead MoreThe Label Gang : A Study Of 1313 Gangs Essay6194 Words   |  25 Pageslabel gang has been applied to various groups including outlaws of the nineteenth-century American West, prison inmates, Mafioso and other organized criminals, motorcyclists, and groups of inner city youths. Despite its diverse application, the term gang almost always connotes involvement in disreputable or illegal activities. Social scientists use the term gang most frequently when describing groups of juveniles. This tendency dates back to Frederic Thrasher s The Gang: A Study of 1,313 Gangs in ChicagoRead More Youth Gangs, Drugs, Violence Essay2317 Words   |  10 PagesGang involvement and its associated violent crime have become a rapidly growing problem for the United States. Generally, gangs consist of young people of the same ethnic, racial, and economic background. 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Essay on The Life of Henry Ford - 1440 Words

The Life of Henry Ford Henry Ford once said, â€Å"I will build a motorcar for the masses†¦constructed of the best materials, by the best me to be hired, after the simplest designs that modern engineering can devise†¦so low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one and enjoy with his family the blessing of hours of pleasure in God’s great open spaces.† (Willamette 1) This is one of his most memorable yet earliest public quotes in history, that can easily sum up his whole life. Ford was much more than a person who made cars. Henry Ford was born on July 30, 1863 on a farm near Greenfield Michigan where he lived a normal childhood. At thirteen years old Ford became obsessed with the†¦show more content†¦Ford not only wished for every middle class family to afford a car but he also wanted his workers to have a car too (Jarold 1). That was why he wanted so badly to make a car at a price so that everyone could afford it (Iacocca 1). After many numer ous attempts to accomplish this goal Ford would say, â€Å" Failure is the opportunity to begin again more intelligently.†(Lacey 65) This kind of attitude led Henry Ford to create the Model T in 1908.Henry Ford could have expanded his business and make many types of cars, but he chose to only make one for mass production. He did this because he knew that the cars would not only be cheaper, but the more cars that were made the more the price would drop. The purpose of the price reduction was to give everyone an opportunity to own a car. Ford did this unselfishly and his company never lost a dime (Jarold 1). He was once quoted saying, â€Å" A business that makes nothing but money is a poor kind of business (Willamette 5).† Even though Henry Ford sold over 15 million Model T’s over the next two decades, his happiness came from seeing the people’s response to him (Caldwell 48). In addition for his care of his consumers, Ford also cared a lot for his workers. In fact, in 1913, when his assembly lines were up and running the workers produced such a He also thought that well paid workers would work better and the more money they made theShow MoreRelatedThe Life and Achievements of Henry Ford1643 Words   |  7 PagesHenry Ford was one of the first American industrialists. He is best known for his revolutionary achievements in the automobile industry, and his inventions are still marveled in the modern world today. Henry Ford grew up on a small farm near Dearborn, Michigan. It was here Henry Ford was born, on July 30, 1863. He went to local district schools like the rest of the children from his town, and he excelled in most subjects. As Henry grew up, he spent most of his free time tinkering, and finding outRead MoreHenry Ford s Life : The Bright And The Down Sizes1593 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout this essay, I will discuss Henry Ford s life: the bright a nd the down sizes. Even if, he was one of the most successful entrepreneurs of all time, he received many critics: lot of people believed that Henry Ford was too controversial and this had truly affected Ford and his company. Henry Ford is, generally speaking, credited with devising and implementing the assembly-line method. By doing so, Mr. Ford made different things possible such as production, marketing, consumption and thisRead MoreHenry Ford Started the Car Revolution789 Words   |  3 PagesHenry Ford Who is the person that started the car revolution? Who is the person that introduced us to the world of automobiles? The answer is Henry Ford. Henry Ford was a successful man that created the Ford automobile. Henry Ford’s company is still making great profit in business. Henry Ford wanted to stop World War II by creating tanks, jeeps, and other armed forces but it still didn’t work. Still, Ford’s automobiles were affordable and he became a very rich and a well-known man. Henry has achievedRead MoreHenry Ford : The Most Impactful Industrialist1450 Words   |  6 Pageschanged major parts of everyday life. These innovators are a reason we have so many good things in this world, and one of those innovators is named Henry Ford. Henry Ford is one of the foremost developers of the American society. Henry brought the idea and concept of an assembly line to the light. He also brought the machine of an automobile to the world. He did not necessarily invent those things, but as an innovator he made sure these things would be apart of the daily life. It is easy today to evenRead MoreHenry Ford : The World s Most Influential Leader1659 Words   |  7 Pagesplethora of leaders, Henry Ford was by far one of the most influential. Mr. Ford played a major role in the history of America from boycotting the great war to enhancing the assembly line, and modern transportation technology. Henry Ford was the world’s most influential leader. From founding one of the worlds most successful car companies, to having a major influence on WWI, he has profoundly shaped the 20th century and left an impact on every single one of our lives. Although Mr. Ford is consideredRead MoreBiography of Henry Ford758 Words   |  4 PagesHenry Ford Henry Ford was born on July 30, 1863, near Dearborn, Michigan. Henry Ford create the Model T car in 1908 and went on to develop the assembly line mode of production, which transformed the industry. As a result, Ford sold millions of cars and became a famous company (http://www.biography.com/people/henry-ford-9298747). When Henry Ford was young, he was born on his family’s farm in Wayne County, near Dearborn, Michigan. When he was twelve, his mother died during childbirth. Then forRead MoreHenry Fords Huge Impact on the World Essay696 Words   |  3 PagesHenry Ford Can you imagine life without cars? Recent numbers states that each household owns at least two cars. 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From the start in Ford’s garage to the offices of lawyers, and then on to control of the largest automotive companies in the world one can see the deal was just a key to

Information Security U.S. E-commerce Website

Question: Discuss about the Information Security for U.S. E-commerce Website. Answer: Part A Acer's e-commerce website hit by a customer data breach Introduction In this part of the report, it will describe in detail a news story related to computer security breach in the month amid April to August 2016. It will discuss about the actual problem that the company faced and who all were the victims to the attack. It will also discuss about the attack procedure how it may have been carried out and what all could be the preventive measures in future ahead. Problem Statement ACER, a Taiwanese MNC, famous for its hardware and electronics, suffered security breach of its U.S. e-commerce website, which left its customers confidential information exposed who made any purchase from the site in the last one year. The number of users and clients affected by the attack has not been stated yet but in a draft letter sent by company to all its customers says that they are taking every possible measure to remediate this security issue and are even taking help of cyber-security experts from outside. In an article published by Peter Loshin, he gave the roughly idea of number of victims as 34,500. The breach was observed by the company in mid of June 2016 (Loshin 2016). Impact of attack All the customers who have purchased any product from the U.S. e-commerce website of Acer between May 12, 2015 and April 28, 2016 are suspected to be the victim of the hacking. It is believed that their personal data has been compromised which includes full names, home addresses, email addresses, Phone numbers, credit card numbers, Validation dates and even CVV numbers which could result in loss of money from the bank accounts of customers. No evidence has been found for login credentials being hacked such as username and passwords of clients and customers or of any employee (Matei 2016). Acer has asked its customers to keep a watch on their bank accounts and notify to the company in case any unauthorised activity observed. How was the attack carried out? Even though the company has not stated anything exact about the method used to carry out the attack and hack the website of the company, still the investigators are trying to build the scene of how the attack might be carried out (Stuart 2016). Investigators think that SQL injection is the one technique by which hackers might have manipulated the data out of Acers website. Websites have been vulnerable to this kind of attack in past also. The hacker announced publically through a blog that he already warned Acer in some manner about the bug bounty program which they should install but they didnt seem to care about it and hence the loss (Stuart 2016). Preventive Measures to stop further Attacks Acer has hired experts from the field of cyber-attacks and is investigating the attack. However the damage done already cannot be undone but it could be prevented in case any further attack takes place (Prabhu 2016). Groveunder, the spokesperson from Acer said that if the forms that have been filled by users to make a purchase would have been encrypted, then this type of mishap would havent take place at all. Acer gets major confidential data of clients on their website though fill-up forms and it is must for the company to have encryption techniques attached with the forms. Also various other measures could be taken to prevent these types of attacks Using SSL: Amidst companys database and website when the data transfer is taking place, the SSL protocol used to transfer the data which might be very confidential must pass through encryption (Prabhu 2016). Install a Web Application Firewall (WAF): It can be either software or hardware based firewall which sets amid data connection and companys website server and detects data which passes through it. The majority of WAFs coming in modern times is based on cloud. It blocks all the hacking attempts and even filters the undesired advertisements and spam mails. It is considered as one of the best way to avoid attack to the system (Keane 2016). Install Security Applications: Some free plugins are available online which adds an extra level of security to the website and it becomes difficult for hackers to attack the website for example Acunetix WP Security hides the identity of ones websites CMS and provides protection to it (Correa 2016). Conclusions The attack at Acers ecommerce website is another perfect example of cyber-crime and the presence of hackers into the network without a single clue of their presence (Keane 2016). The employees and other individuals need to be aware of every possible threat that could harm them or the company and should be very attentive to what is happening to their system. Hackers attacked the website for a whole year and no one was able to detect it, this shows the absence of awareness amongst its employees (Matei 2016). Part B Anthem medical data breach case 2015 Introduction Anthem Inc., an American Health Insurance company, is amongst nations largest health insurers and was in news for more than six months last year. Anthem Inc. suffered a major cyber-attack on Jan 29th, 2015, leaving millions of customers of the company threatened for their identity for the entire life span (Whitney 2015). Problem Statement Anthem Inc. suffered a major cyber-attack to its IT systems. The motive of the attackers was to get personal data of the clients of the Anthem Inc. The spokesperson of the company released the news about the attack and security breach on 4th Feb, 2015 (Mathews 2015). The investigators believed that the intruders hacked the system somewhere around mid-December 2014, and was continually hacking the information since then, till it was known. The spokesperson stated on 4th Feb, 2015 that companys servers and systems has been attacked and personal information of their former and present clients has been leaked which might be around 38 million. In another statement on 24th Feb, 2016 the toll rose to 79 million approx. as it was stated by a member of the company (Riley 2015). Impact of Attack Anthem breach case affected mostly to its clients who are either present members or were former members of any plans associated with the company. Along with them, some members who take Anthem served health services such as members of Blue cross and Blue Shield plans might have suffered too. Some individuals who were offered any Anthem or non-Anthem plans by their employers reported that they are the part of suffered victims as well (Abelson and Goldstein 2015). Hackers intrude into the system to steal personal identifiable information about the clients of Anthem for example email address, birthdates, full name, home address, employment information, social security number and people who are the victim of this attack might suffer their entire life span for the identity theft related problems ( Abelson and Creswellfeb 2015). The investigators did not found any clue regarding any information leak related to credit cards and bank accounts of anyone. Also no proof has been found for information leak related to medical information of the patient such as diagnostic codes, test results or claims (Abelson and Creswellfeb 2015).. How was the attack carried out? On 29th of January, 2015, an employee at Anthems Inc. noticed that system is running an unknown query, yet very complex. Employee checked for the same thinking that some other employee from the company might have run it for a job, but after checking he found that query had been run from some external environment and is resulting in loss of information. Immediately an alarm was raised and in minutes it was known in the company that they have suffered a crisis owing to major cyber-attack (Mathews and Yadron 2015). The team who investigated Anthems case stated that attackers might have sent an internal message to the employees which they make it as a mail from the company and employees got tricked to click to it and as soon someone might have clicked on it they gained access to the companys admin page and hacked the credentials of one of the administrator along with five other employees of the company. A news channel also stated in news that attackers of the Anthems case belongs to China and had planned the entire scenario from there only. (Terry 2015). Hackers could have used Windows, Java or any such other equipment which might have been proved helpful to them to chase out the data. This was not cleared that whether the employees whose credentials were used to theft data contains the one who raised the alarm. What could have been done to prevent the attack? Anthem suffered an attack which could have been done either by an insider i.e. an employee of the company or it might be the work of outsider by phishing employees of Anthem to explore data from them. For an employee its a very easy task as he could use own credentials to get the data and if it was the work of an outsider then he might have confused an employee by a mail which might have looked as if from known person. Whatsoever the case be, hackers already intruded into the walls of the companys website and whatever may the security measure be or firewalls, it would not have prevented the theft (Weise 2015). Anthem also got covered up in a debate that it happened due to failure to secure data using encryption techniques. Few stated that whether its on the wire or inside storage area Anthems database was never encrypted, which was very crucial for if the data had been encrypted using modern techniques hackers wouldnt have gained access to it without the keys and decryption technique. However, if the attacker is inside the company then encryption wouldnt have been a successful step at all as they have access to all the keys owing to job purposes, hence not the proper solution to the problem. In order to mitigate threats the three of the measures which could have been taken are: Context Aware Access Control: CAAC is related to the authentication of identity that whether the user who is logged in is the authenticated user or not. System checks for every authentication session that where it is coming from, what platform is being used, what is the date and time and similar other things. Now even if an intruder phishes to get login credentials of some employee he will not be able to make use of it as this authentication session would prevent it. Awareness: Cyber-attacks are very common nowadays and every day we come across one or the other news related to it. A proper attention should be given to this news that what method leads to the attack which could help anyone in future. Employees must be aware of what they are clicking at. Scam email campaigns are in very much trend now and one should be aware of that. Behavioural Analysis: The Company must maintain a track record of employees activity and should randomly compare it with other employees who are on same designation which could be achieved using automated system analysis and whenever a questioning activity observed, employees account must be suspended temporarily. Conclusions After the attack, a security system at Anthem has been tightened and they now know the importance of security and secured operating systems. In case, they would have taken these steps before, Anthem could have defeated the trial of attack or may be the suffered loss would have been little. References Correa, D. (2016). Unauthorised access leads to data breach of Acer's e-commerce site, published in SC Magazine, Retrieved on 24th August 2016 from https://www.scmagazineuk.com/unauthorised-access-leads-to-data-breach-of-acers-e-commerce-site/article/503833/. Keane, J. (2016). Data breach at Acers US website exposes names, mailing addresses, and credit cards, Published in Digital Trends, Retrieved on 24th August 2016 from https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/acer-data-breach/. Loshin, P. (2016). Acer's e-commerce website hit by a customer data breach, Published by Tech Target, Retrieved on 25th August 2016 from https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/news/450298892/Acers-ecommerce-website-hit-by-a-customer-data-breach. Stuart, H. (2016). Acer's Website Hacked, Customer Data Stolen, Published by Dark Reading, Retrieved on 25th August 2016 from https://www.darkreading.com/cloud/acers-website-hacked-customer-data-stolen/d/d-id/1325986. Matei, M. (2016). Acers Online Store Gets Hacked, Customer Data At Risk, Published on AH, Retrieved on 24th August 2016 from https://www.androidheadlines.com/2016/06/acers-online-store-gets-hacked-customer-data-at-risk.html. Prabhu, V. (2016). Acer U.S. Online Store Hacked; Breach Exposes Credit Cards, Names, Addresses, Publshed by Tech Worm, Retrieved on 25th August 2016 from https://www.techworm.net/2016/06/acers-u-s-webstore-hacked-names-mailing-addresses-credit-cards-leaked.html. Riley, C. (2015). Insurance giant Anthem hit by massive data breach, Retrieved 23rd August 2015 from https://money.cnn.com/2015/02/04/technology/anthem-insurance-hack-data-security. Mathews, A. (2015). "Anthem: Hacked Database Included 78.8 Million People", Retrieved 24th August 2015 from https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-mh-anthem-is-warning-consumers-20150306-column.html. Abelson, R. and Goldstein, M. (2015). "Anthem Hacking Points to Security Vulnerability of Health Care Industry", The New York Times. Weise, E. (2015). "Massive breach at health care company Anthem Inc.". USA Today. McLean, VA: Gannett. ISSN 0734-7456. Whitney, L. (2015). "Anthem's stolen customer data not encrypted - CNET", Retrieved 23rd August 2015 from https://krebsonsecurity.com/2015/02/data-breach-at-health-insurer-anthem-could-impact-millions/. Mathews, A. and Yadron, D. (2015). "Health Insurer Anthem Hit by Hackers - WSJ", Retrieved 23rd August 2015 from https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/02/04/health-care-anthem-hacked/22900925/. Abelson, R. and Creswellfeb, J. (2015). "Data Breach at Anthem May Forecast a Trend - NYTimes.com". The New York Times. New York: NYTC. ISSN 0362-4331. Terry, N. (2015). "Time for a Healthcare Data Breach Review Bill of Health", Retrieved 23rd August 2015 from Center for Health Law Policy at Harvard Law School.

The family from a sociological approach

The family is the simplest form of social interaction; it forms the base of a society. Ideologies, believes, and functions undertaken in family set-up determine the kind of society that emerges in a particular area. Sociological perspectives and theories are used to define different situations in society; they try to give meaning of existence of certain social phenomenons. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The family from a sociological approach specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although major theories focus on the larger community, the family can also be explained using the similar sociological theories/ideologies (Beah,19-89). This paper diagnoses the concept of family using sociological perspectives and theories. Symbolic interaction After birth, a child is introduced to a family setting; this is where the child gets the initial socialization and life lessons starts. It is in the family that children learn value s, adapt to certain norms, have ideologies and get a sense of belonging. According to symbolic theory, people perform certain duties from the feeling they have towards others; it is in the family, a social institution that children learn to listen and respect adults, parents and value other people’s opinions. The sense of identity and belonging comes into being as the child gets emotional and psychological development. The reinforcements both negative and positive at this stage affect the later life of the child. Functionalism theory According to the theory, the family is seen as the noble most unit of a society where norms and values are learnt; it develops collective conscience among its members. According to the theory, each individual has a function to undertake. Parents have the role of providing food and shelter to their children; this helps the entire family to be maintained; children learn on adaptation attributes and how to share the available resources. Parents s et base for goals attainment between themselves and for their children. On the other hand, children should respect their parents and perform allocated duties with decency. Home keepers and caregivers can also be taken as part of the family; they play a role in family integration and pattern maintenance.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conflict perspective According to conflicts theory, the society is thought to be under constant struggle for available resources; resources can be wealth, status and power. It sees the world to have two categories of people, the haves and the have-nots. The have-nots are constantly struggling with the haves and the haves are trying available options to oppress and dominate in the have-nots. In a family setting, there is the weaker partner, mostly the woman, she is dominated and have to be submissive to her husband. They are oppressed through incom e differences, culture and societal briefs. Men dominate families and they have their word as final. Although there are a number of human rights advocators challenging this theory, its effect can be trace in families. Children have to listen and not object what their parents rule; enforced by the community and the societal culture that parents should make decisions for the children. It is seen as struggle since children would not mind having their own will to make decisions. In most cases, family violence emanate from conflicts among family members. Deviance Deviance is said to have occurred in the society if a member of the society does things that contravenes what the majority think as just in most cases, it leads to punishment through correction methods operation in a certain community. In the family, there are disputes between parents and children; they are brought about as social justice is instilled especially to children. Alternatively, people have different beliefs, perspect ives and personalities; wife and husband may have such differences making them conflict that might result to deviance like domestic violence, rape, abandonment and selfishness. In most societies, culture has a way of solving domestic violence; all that parents need to do is consult the right people with the differences they have. Children on the other hand may deviate from the norms of a family leading to conflict; if they are deviant, then the family will use correction methods put in place to correct such occurrences (Beah,19-89). Social stratification Stratification is division of different classes of people into different social status defined by wealth, status and power. Though in a family, set up the stratification may not be seen out rightly, it exists. Dominating partner in a family is mostly the one who is financially better off while the other is oppressed and has no option than to lie low. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The family from a sociologi cal approach specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The dominant spouse can be said to be in a high social class while the other is in a lower social class. The case above of dominance and unconscious division of power is seen as social stratification in the family. Success in education in children or spouses brings social stratification where the well-performed party feels to have an upper hand than the rest. Childhoods and teen violence When one is talking of domestic violence, what comes in mind is wife or husband violence; in most case women are on the receiving end, they are subjected to physical, psychological and emotional violence. However the scope of domestic violence extend far beyond this believe to include child abuse and the effects that such abuse have on a child. The most common types of violence within the family are wife abuse and child abuse. Violence in this sense may include slaps, pushes, sexual abuse, battering, and use of abusive words. A research conducted by in United States of America, shown that each year over 3.3 children suffer from domestic violence. The recognition of this is affected by lack of data that can be used for the analysis. The effect is mostly psychological, emotional and sometimes physical. The most noted one is physical and thus emotional and psychological remains not recorded (Beah,19-89). Children are sometimes the subject of war and they suffer from beatings and physical injury; when such a case happens, then the child is more likely to become violent at his later stages in life; this creates another relationship of domestic violence and violence of children and teens: Violence among children and teens (V.C.T.) = f (domestic violence (D.V.)) Child behavior development The environment they are brought up in shapes the behavior of children; in case his families are violent, the behavior that the child will develop is likely to be inclined to that angle. A family is a sociological unit, which includes parents and children. The environment that he grows in will shape the kind of behavior that a child has the relationship is as follows Children behaviour (C.B) = f (domestic violence (D.V.)) Self-esteem The family as the simplest unit of a society moulds children self-esteem; self-esteem means the self-value that human beings hold. If a child is brought up in a violent family, his/her sense of esteem is lowered. The relationship will be as follows:Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Child’s self-esteem (C.E) = f (domestic violence (D.V.)) Conclusions A family is the smallest unit of a society; it has all elements of a society at micro level. When analyzing family concepts and ideologies, sociologists use sociological theories to explain different situations/circumstances within the social unit. Income, education, and societal norms are the major players in maintaining social stratification within the family. Work Cited Beah, Ishmael. A Long Way Gone:Â  Memoirs of a Boy Soldier. New York: Farrar, 2008. Print. This essay on The family from a sociological approach was written and submitted by user Paris U. to help you with your own studies. 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